课题背景：国内最早研究偏磷酸钙作为组织工程支架材料，已完成了其体外降解性能、多孔性能、浸提液生物相容性能，细胞毒性研究等系列的测试，证明了其作为生物医用材料的可靠性。偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷的多孔性能与许多因素相关，如钙磷比，添加剂含量和烧制温度等。通过改变添加剂含量制备不同孔隙率的偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷，观察其成孔差异和降解性能。

应用要点：①偏磷酸钙材料有着良好的降解性能和生物相容性能。通过改变添加剂的含量，获得了不同降解性能和孔洞性能的偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷，有利于进一步的组织工程研究。②分析和研究了偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷的成孔机制和成孔规律，为进一步的设计和制备不同成孔大小的偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷有重要意义。

相关链接：生物医用材料的多孔性与其应用在很大的关系，如组织工程，缓释载体等支架材料对孔洞有着极为复杂的要求。其多孔材料的成孔与多种因素有关，添加剂在无机材料的多孔制备方面起着非常重要的作用,基本上所有的多孔材料均采用了各种类型的添加剂。如利用硅胶、表面活性剂和甲醇，然后加入发泡剂氟里昂，发泡、固化、烧结后制得了部分闭孔的多孔陶瓷的工艺。

摘要
目的: 偏磷酸钙（calcium metaphosphate，CMP）玻璃陶瓷的多孔性能与许多因素相关，如钙磷比、添加剂含量和烧制温度等。通过改变添加剂含量制备不同孔隙率的CMP玻璃陶瓷，观察其成孔差异和降解性能。
方法：实验于2006-01/2007-06在暨南大学生物医学工程系和测试中心完成。采用二次烧结法制备3种不同配方的CMP玻璃陶瓷，其配方的主要差异在于添加剂（由Al2O3、MgO、CaF2按3∶2∶1摩尔比例组成）的含量不同，分别为5.4%，6.0%，6.7%。用分析天平称质量，计算3种样品的吸水率、显气孔率和体积密度。采用X射线衍射仪进行3种样品的晶相分析，扫描电镜观察3种样品的表面形貌。计算3种样品的失质量百分比评价其降解性能。
结果：①随着添加剂含量的增加，吸水率和显气孔率增大，体积密度减少。②3种样品的X射线衍射图谱基本无差异，结合PCPDFWIN数据库,可知3种CMP玻璃陶瓷的主晶相均为β-Ca(PO3)2晶体。扫描电镜结果表明，随着添加剂含量的增加，样品孔洞数目减少，孔洞直径越来越大。③随着添加剂含量的增加，3种样品的失重百分比分别为7.7%，5.9%和3.4%。
结论：通过改变添加剂的含量，可改变钙磷比相同的CMP玻璃陶瓷的多孔性能和降解性能。
关键词：玻璃陶瓷；多孔；偏磷酸钙；添加剂；生物材料

吴岳恒，汤顺清，章庆春，毛萱，成安衡，肖学钧.添加剂对偏磷酸钙玻璃陶瓷多孔性能的影响[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复，2008，12(6):1063-1066 [www.zglckf.com/zglckf/ejournal/upfiles/08-6/6k-1063(ps).pdf]

Effect of addition reagent on the porosity of calcium metaphosphate glass ceramics

Abstract

AIM：Some factors are important to the porosity of calcium metaphosphate (CMP) glass ceramics, for example, the Ca/P ratio, the addition reagent content and the sintering temperature. This study was designed to prepare different porosities of CMP glass ceramics through changing the content of addition reagent, and evaluate the porosity difference and degradation properties.
METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Testing Center, Jinan University from January 2006 to June 2007. Three kinds of porous CMP glass ceramics were prepared by sintering method, and their major difference was the content of the addition reagent (composed of Al2O3, MgO, CaF2 by 3∶2∶1 molar ratio), which was 5.4%, 6.0% and 6.7%, respectively. Analytic balance method was adopted to measure and calculate the water absorption (Wa), apparent porosity (Pa) and bulk density (Db). The crystal phases of three kinds of glass ceramics were detected by X-ray diffraction, the surface topography change was viewed by scanning electron microscopy, and the degradability was calculated by evaluating the loss rate.
RESULTS: ①With the addition reagent increased, Wa and Pa were increased, while Db was decreased.②There was no significant difference in the X-ray diffraction outcomes among three kinds of glass ceramics, and the crystal phase of these three kinds of glass ceramics was β-Ca(PO3) phase analyzed by PCPDFWIN database. Results of scanning electron microscope showed that, the quality of the holes of the CMP glass ceramics was decreased, but the pore diameter was increased with the addition reagent increased.③When the addition reagent increased, the loss rate of three kinds of CMP glass ceramics was 7.7%, 5.9% and 3.4%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The porosity and degradation properties of CMP glass ceramics with the same Ca/P ratio can be regulated through changing the content of addition reagent in raw materials.

Wu YH, Tang SQ, Zhang QC, Mao X, Cheng AH, Xiao XJ.Effect of addition reagent on the porosity of calcium metaphosphate glass ceramics.Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu yu Linchuang Kangfu 2008;12(6):1063-1066(China)
[www.zglckf.com/zglckf/ejournal/upfiles/08-6/6k-1063(ps).pdf]