课题背景：本课题为2005年国家自然科学基金资助项目（30570503）和上海科学与技术委员会资助项目（05DJ14006，05PJ14013）支持。课题负责人莫秀梅教授多年来先后在日本京都大学、新加坡国立大学和德国亚琛工业技术应用大学从事血管组织工程支架材料的研究。主要成果包括甲壳素结晶度的计算，结晶结构的表征，抗凝血甲壳素的化学改性，新型医用胶粘合剂的开发，骨及软组织支架材料的快速成型，纳米纤维用于再生医学。

相关链接：Prince 等利用大肠杆菌E-coli表达了与Neph lia Clavipe牵引丝蛋白Spidroin 1 和Spidroin 2 同源的重复序列聚合物；美国的杜邦公司正集中力量研究用细菌作代理寄主的技术，希望能利用细菌生产蛛丝蛋白纤维；也有科学家把蜘蛛牵引丝部分的基因注入到蚕卵中，这样家蚕吐出的丝就类似于蜘蛛丝；国内的研究人员则把蜘蛛丝蛋白基因注入到老鼠中，从小白鼠的乳汁中获取蛋白。据报道德国Catersleben 研究所的科学家制造了人造蜘蛛丝的蛋白基因变体, 然后将这些变体接入到植物（如土豆等）的基因组中, 发现丝蛋白在蛋白质总量中占2% 以上。

偏倚或不足：受原材料量的制约，材料的降解性能测试还存在不足，没能测试纤维膜在经过不同降解时间后的力学性能，所以只能从形态上进行分析。

摘要
目的: 近年来，蜘蛛丝在基因识别、人工合成以及基因表达上取得的成果，引发了广大研究者模拟天然蜘蛛丝优秀性能的兴趣。采用静电纺技术对制备的漏斗网蜘蛛丝再生纤维膜进行性能检测，为静电纺蜘蛛丝纳米纤维应用于组织工程和生物医学领域提供前期研究。
方法：实验于2006-07/2007-03在东华大学生物研究所生物材料室完成。采用电纺技术制备了漏斗网蛛丝再生纤维膜，对纤维膜的表面形态分析，水解性能，热性能，力学性能进行检测。体外与猪动脉内皮细胞共培养，采用MTT法检测对纤维膜细胞的增殖活性，以相差显微镜和扫描电镜观察细胞的形态变化。
结果：再生蛛丝纤维膜热分解起始温度为279 ℃；在单轴拉伸时断裂强度和断裂伸长率分别为（3.61±0.18）MPa和 (33.20±4.86)%；内皮细胞能够在纤维表面黏附并显示良好的生长形态； MTT结果显示内皮细胞在材料上增殖活跃，培养7 d后，纤维膜上的细胞增殖为对照组的两倍多。
结论：漏斗网蜘蛛丝再生纤维膜显示出稳定的热性能和高的延展性，并能有效促进内皮细胞的黏附和增殖，具有良好的生物相容性。
关键词：静电纺丝；蛛丝；力学性能；表面形态；生物材料

薛永峰, 何创龙, 张磊，莫秀梅,李廷辉.电纺漏斗网蜘蛛丝纤维性能及体外细胞生物学性能[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复，2008，12(6):1067-1071 [www.zglckf.com/zglckf/ejournal/upfiles/08-6/6k-1067(ps).pdf]

Property and biocompatibility of electrospun funnel-web spider silk fibrous mats

Abstract

AIM：Spider silk shows good properties in gene identification, artificial synthesis and gene expression, which bring high interests of investigators to stimulate natural spinal silk. This paper introduces the preparation of electrospun funnel-web spider silk fibrous mats, and provides basis for the application of nanofibrous mats of electrospun spider silk in tissue engineering and biomedicine.
METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Room of Biomaterial of Institute of Biology of Donghua University from July 2006 to March 2007. Nanofibrous mats of funnel-web spider silks were electrospun. The surface of fibrous mats was analyzed. Hydrolysis, thermal properties and mechanical properties of resulted fibers were investigated. Resulted fibers were cocultured with endothelial cells of porcine artery in vitro. The cell proliferation and cell morphologies were respectively evaluated by MTT method and phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
RESULTS: The elelctrospun spider silk mats exhibited a thermal stability below 279 ℃. The breaking stress was (3.61±0.18) MPa and the breaking strain was (33.20±4.86)%. Endothelial cells grew well and could adhere to the surface of fibers. MTT tests showed that endothelial cells proliferated actively. The number of cells on fibrous mats was as twice as that in the control group seven days later.
CONCLUSION: Nanofibrous mats of Funnel-web spider silks process stable thermal properties and high ductility. Electrospun mats exhibit good biocompatibility and can enhance the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells.

Xue YF, He CL, Zhang L, Mo XM, Li TH.Property and biocompatibility of electrospun funnel-web spider silk fibrous mats.Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu yu Linchuang Kangfu 2008;12(6):1067-1071(China)
[www.zglckf.com/zglckf/ejournal/upfiles/08-6/6k-1067(ps).pdf]